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基于情境和知识集成的水资源调度流程的知识管理框架研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
水资源调度流程与其知识管理集成,能实现在正确的时间点、以正确的形式、把正确的知识传递给正确的水资源调度管理者,从而有效提高水资源调度管理水平。本文首先对水资源调度过程中信息采集、制定调度方案、组织调度、实施调度的知识管理需求进行分析,结合知识情境和知识管理的关系,提出用情境和知识集成的管理水资源调度流程,以此来实现水资源调度流程与知识管理的集成;其次并对知识建模技术、知识识别获取技术和知识检索技术等水资源调度流程和知识管理集成的关键技术进行探讨;然后在南水北调东线一期工程运营体制分析的基础上,基于情境和知识集成构建了南水北调东线一期工程调度的知识管理框架,该框架由两个信息系统和四个管理层面构成。 相似文献
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基于经济区域分析层次,运用多区域投入产出分析及有关差异分解方法,探寻生产视角下水足迹(生产水足迹)地区间差异及其成因,讨论有必要调整生产的地区及调整内容。研究结果显示:①中国生产水足迹总体空间差异主要源于经济区域间差异(贡献率69.46%);②中国西北、中部和东北区域生产水足迹高于其他经济区域;各经济区域生产水足迹均主要源于农林牧渔业;农林牧渔业生产水足迹经济区域间差异是中国生产水足迹经济区域间差异的最重要成因(贡献率59.19%),其关键因子为该部门最终需求量(贡献率74.57%);生产水足迹相关指标区域间比较中,京津区域水资源压力、西北区域生产水足迹强度、东北区域工业生产水足迹废弃率高于其他区域对应值;③各经济区域内省区间生产水足迹在总量、部门结构、差异成因上有异同,在生产水足迹相关指标上水平各异;④东北区域、上海等“很有必要”调整生产,而“有必要”调整的有京津区域、吉林等;具体调整应结合水足迹地区间差异及其成因分析结果进行。在生产视角下水足迹研究中引入经济区域分析层次、构建生产水足迹强度和工业生产水足迹废弃率指标,具有一定创新价值。 相似文献
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Sanjaya Lall 《Research Policy》1980,9(1):24-52
The literature on technical change has unduly neglected the possibilities of technological progress in LDCs. Preliminary examination shows, however, that a number of semi-industrialized LDCs are experiencing rapid technological change (mainly adaptive) and are even manifesting the ability to compete in international markets for the sale of technology for a wide range of industrial activities. Scattered data on five types of commercial technology exports — tumkey projects, consultancy, direct investment, licensing, training shows that India, Brazil, Argentina, Mexico, Korea, Taiwan and Hong Kong have succeeded in selling different types of expertise to other LDCs. This paper links the different types of comparative advantage showed by these LDCs to their varying experience of industrial activity. India has the most diverse and sophisticated technology exports, because it has protected domestic ‘learning’ in the broadest spectrum of industrial, especially capital goods, manufacturing. Others, like Brazil, have greater industrial output but lesser technological capability because they have not protected ‘learning’ against massive incursions by foreign enterprises. The comparative advantage of LDCs in exporting technology is greatest where the pace of change is slow, where large R&D expenditures are not required and where detailed engineering capability is crucial in transferring technology. It is envisaged that in these areas, some LDCs will increasingly undertake technology sales not only to the Third World but also to developed countries. The costs and benefits of this are briefly examined. 相似文献
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Marie Lall 《Compare》2008,38(1):103-119
In states that are diverse, issues of national identity formation and who belongs and how they belong can, and often do, change over time. This article analyses how education was used as a tool to artificially create antagonistic national identities based on religious and ethnic definitions of who was Indian or Pakistani. It focuses in particular on how in India the BJP led government (1998–2004) and in Pakistan the government under General Zia‐ul‐Haq (1977–1988) rewrote the curricula and changed textbook content in order to create the ‘other’ in order to suit their ideology and the politics of the day. Drawing on the original textbooks, extensive fieldwork interviews in both countries and a study of recent literature the paper argues that fundamentalization in general and the fundamentalization of textbooks in particular are state controlled mechanisms through which to control society. They can also have serious international consequences, as two antagonistic national identities oppose each other's definition of history and self. 相似文献
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